Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are the main form of treatment for people
with epilepsy. And up to 70% (7 in 10) people with epilepsy could have
their seizures completely controlled with AEDs. There are around 26 AEDs
used to treat seizures, and different AEDs work for different seizures.
Here we explain what the different AEDs are, what type of seizures or
epilepsy they are used for, as well as some essential information about
average doses and common side effects.
as some essential information about average doses and common side effects.
There are three ways you can search for information about AEDs:
as some essential information about average doses and common side effects.
There are three ways you can search for information about AEDs:
- by the generic name of the AED
- by the brand name of the particular type of AED or
- by the type of seizure or seizures you have.
Generic names
- Acetazolamide
- Carbamazepine
- Clobazam
- Clonazepam
- Eslicarbazepine acetate
- Ethosuximide
- Gabapentin
- Lacosamide
- Lamotrigine
- Levetiracetam
- Nitrazepam
- Oxcarbazepine
- Perampanel
- Piracetam
- Phenobarbital
- Phenytoin
- Pregabalin
- Primidone
- Retigabine
- Rufinamide
- Sodium valproate
- Stiripentol
- Tiagabine
- Topiramate
- Vigabatrin
- Zonisamide
Brand names (available as):
- Carbogen modified release
- Convulex
- Desitrend
- Diacomit
- Diamox SR
- Emeside
- Epanutin
- Epilim
- Epilim Chrono
- Epilim Chronosphere
- Episenta (prolonged release)
- Epival
- Frisium
- Fycompa
- Gabitril
- Inovelon
- Keppra
- Lamictal
- Lyrica
- Neurontin
- Nootropil
- Phenytoin Sodium Flynn
- Rivotril
- Sabril
- Tapclob
- Tegretol
- Tegretol Prolonged Release
- Topamax
- Trileptal
- Trobalt
- Vimpat
- Zarontin
- Zebinix
- Zonegran
Seizure types
- Absence seizures (including typical and atypical absences):
Acetazolamide | Clonazepam | Ethosuximide | Lamotrigine | Sodium valproate
- Atonic seizures:
Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Primidone | Sodium valproate
- Catamenial seizures (menstrual-related):
Acetazolamide | Clobazam
- Cluster seizures:
Clobazam
- Episodic disorders:
Acetazolamide
- Dravet syndrome (severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy or SMEI):
Stiripentol
- Focal (partial) seizures:
Acetazolamide | Carbamazepine | Clobazam | Clonazepam | Eslicarbazepine acetate | Gabapentin | Lacosamide | Lamotrigine | Levetiracetam | Oxcarbazepine | Perampanel | Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Pregabalin | Primidone | Retigabine | Sodium valproate | Tiagabine | Topiramate | Vigabatrin | Zonisamide
- Focal (partial) seizures with secondary generalisation:
Gabapentin | Lacosamide | Levetiracetam | Perampanel | Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Pregabalin | Primidone | Retigabine | Sodium valproate | Tiagabine | Topiramate | Vigabatrin | Zonisamide
- Focal seizures with secondary generalised tonic clonic seizures:
Carbamazepine | Eslicarbazepine acetate | Lamotrigine | Oxcarbazepine
- Infantile spasms:
Nitrazepam | Sodium valproate | Vigabatrin
- Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (seizures related to):
Levetiracetam
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (seizures related to):
Lamotrigine | Rufinamide | Topiramate
- Menstrual-related (catamenial seizures):
See: Catamenial seizures (above)
- Myoclonic seizures:
Clonazepam | Ethosuximide | Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Primidone | Piracetam | Sodium valproate
- Myoclonic seizures in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy:
See: Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (above)
- Tonic seizures:
Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Primidone | Sodium valproate
- Tonic clonic seizures:
Acetazolamide | Carbamazepine | Clobazam | Clonazepam | Eslicarbazepine acetate | Lamotrigine | Phenobarbital | Phenytoin | Primidone | Sodium valproate | Topiramate
- Tonic clonic seizures in severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI or Dravet syndrome):
See: Dravet syndrome (above)
- West Syndrome with Tuberous Sclerosis:
Vigabatrin
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